provablyfairplay

Game maths

House edge, RTP, variance, expected value and the payout formulas that connect them.

Other topics

  • How provably fair works

    Server seeds, client seeds, nonces, hashing and the commitment scheme that makes a result checkable after the fact.

  • Verification guides

    Step-by-step walkthroughs for checking a specific result yourself, per game, with the code you need to do it.

  • The original games

    Crash, dice, plinko, mines, limbo, keno, towers and hi-lo — how each one is actually constructed and where its edge lives.

  • Systems & bankroll

    Why staking systems do what they do to your distribution of outcomes, and what risk of ruin actually looks like.